To evaluate electrochemical performance of the bare-NCM811 and LZO-NCM811 cathode materials, electrodes were prepared by coating a slurry composed of active materials (95 wt%), conducting agent (Super-P, 2 wt%), and binder (PVDF, 3 wt%) dissolved in N- methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) on an Al foil current collector. After coating, the electrode was dried at 120 C for 12 h and then pressed before cell assembly. The loading amount of active material and electrode area were measured to be 12 mg and 1.13 cm2, respec- tively. Coin-type (CR2032) half-cells were carefully assembled with Li metal as a counter electrode, polyethylene (PE) separator and 1 M LiPF6 dissolved in ethylene carbonate (EC)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC) (1:2 by volume) as an electrolyte in an Ar-filled glove box. Galvanostatic chargeedischarge experiments were performed at a constant current between 0.1 and 2.0 C (1C 1⁄4 190 mA g1) using a WBCS3000 cycler (WonATech) at temperatures of 25 C and 60 C. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements performed using a VSP-300 potentiostat/frequency analyzer (Bio- logic) with a three-electrode glass cell, where Li metal foil was used as a counter and reference electrode. Electrochemical impedance spectra were measured with an AC-amplitude of 5 mV in the fre- quency range from 10 mHz to 1 MHz.
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