由於反芻思考是關注、專注及強化負面事件的回憶，從負面觀點來解釋事件等，

由於反芻思考是關注、專注及強化負面事件的回憶，從負面觀點來解釋事件等，不僅容易引發沮喪心情(Lyubomirsky et al., 1999)，更會引發負向情緒。依據Nolen-Hoeksema (1991)的觀點，反芻思考透過三種機制加劇負向情感。首先，反芻思考促使個體產生負面偏見，容易激活消極的想法與記憶。其次，反芻思考讓個體更加的悲觀與沉浸在宿命論中，而不去思考如何有效的解決問題，進而抑制了個體追求與達成最終目標的可能性。第三，反芻思考會干擾行為(例如反芻思考會阻礙了個體從事運動或社交等容易令人愉悅與分心的活動)，阻止個體改善情緒。

結果 (英文) 1:

Since rumination thinking is concerned, focus and strengthen the memories of negative events, from a negative point of view to explain the events, not only easily lead to frustration (Lyubomirsky et al., 1999), but will also lead to negative emotions. According to Nolen-Hoeksema (1991) point of view, ruminant thinking exacerbate negative feelings through three mechanisms. First, to promote self-ruminant thinking negative bias, easy to activate negative thoughts and memories. Secondly, it makes more pessimistic rumination thinking individual and steeped in fatalism in, not to think about how to effectively solve the problem, thereby inhibiting the individual pursuit and ultimate goal of possibilities. Third, the behavior can interfere with thinking ruminant (eg ruminant thinking hinder the individual engaged in other sports or social networking easy and pleasant distraction activities), to prevent individuals improve mood.

結果 (英文) 2:

Since ruminant thinking is about focusing, focusing, and reinforcing the memory of negative events, interpreting events from negative perspectives is not only prone to depression (Lyubomirsky et al., 1999), but also negative emotions. According to Nolen-Hoeksema (1991), ruminant thinking exacerbates negative emotions through three mechanisms. First of all, ruminant thinking encourages individuals to develop negative biases and easily activates negative thoughts and memories. Secondly, reflective thinking makes the individual more pessimistic and immersed in fatalism, rather than thinking about how to solve the problem effectively, thus inhibiting the individual's pursuit and the possibility of achieving the ultimate goal. Third, ruminant thinking interferes with behavior (e.g., ruminant thinking can prevent an individual from engaging in activities that are easily pleasant and distracting, such as sports or socializing) and prevents the individual from improving his or her emotions.

結果 (英文) 3:

Ruminant thinking is the memory of paying attention to, focusing on and strengthening negative events. Interpreting events from a negative perspective is not only easy to cause depression (Lyubomirsky et al, In 1999), negative emotions are more likely to be triggered. According to Nolen hoeksema (1991), ruminant thinking intensifies negative emotions through three mechanisms. First, ruminant thinking causes individuals to have negative prejudice, which is easy to activate negative thoughts and memories. Second, ruminant thinking makes individuals more pessimistic and immersed in fatalism, instead of thinking about how to effectively solve problems, thus inhibiting the possibility of individuals pursuing and achieving their ultimate goals. Third Ruminant thinking can interfere with behavior (for example, ruminant thinking can hinder individuals from engaging in activities such as sports or social activities that are easily pleasant and distracting), and prevent individuals from improving their emotions.