AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS RISK FACTORS<br>The symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) usually start between the ages of 20 and 30 years.<br>The disease can be more common in certain families. For example, a person's risk of developing axSpA increases if a first-degree relative (parent, sibling, or child) has axSpA. The presence of a gene called human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B27 also increases the risk of developing axSpA.<br>Smoking is one of the most important risk factors you can change by yourself, as smokers have more pain and disability than nonsmokers. If you are a smoker and have been diagnosed with axSpA, you should try to quit as soon as possible. Your health care provider can help you make a plan to quit. (See "Patient education: Quitting smoking (Beyond the Basics)".)
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