Pandit et al. [150] investigated the degradation of methyl red (MR)<br>and methyl orange (MO) (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) using colloidal MnO2。<br>and found that a decolorization maximum ( ̃100%) was observed below。<br>pH 5.0, with a 60 to 75 min contact time enough to completely decolorize。<br>both of the azo dyes. The efficiency of decolorization also increased。<br>with increasing temperature. It was found that the amount of。<br>MR removed increased from 91.72 to 100% when the temperature was。<br>increased from 26 to 50 °C, compared to 98.9 to 100% for removal of。<br>MO. Dang et al. [133] investigated the removal of MB and MO using。<br>manganese oxide coated diatomite. They proposed that dye degradation。<br>was responsible for a combined effect of physicochemical processes.<br>Zhang et al. [151] prepared two composites using birnessite (δ-<br>MnO2), hausmannite (Mn3O4) and magnesium (M) wire such as MnO2-<br>M and MnO2/Mn3O4-M and successfully used these composites as oxidants。<br>or catalysts to treat MO from wastewater in presence hydrogen。<br>peroxide (H2O2) (Fig.3). With a contact time of 2 h (25 °C and pH 2.5),<br>the removal capacity of MO was in the order of 76% for MnO2-M and。<br>54% for MnO2/Mn3O4-M. The promising performance of MnO2-M has。<br>been ascribed to its surface morphology where birnessite provided more。<br>active sites for Mn(IV) to be reduced to Mn(II). Also, there was no。<br>notable difference in MO removal observed with increasing solution。<br>temperature from 25 to 45 °C (contact time of 2 h). They proposed a。<br>Fenton-like mechanism for MO degradation reactions involving free。<br>radical species over MnO2 nanosheets. The degradation proceeds by an。<br>adsorption-oxidation-desorption process (Fig.3). ...
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